Stiles e



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

S. E. MAXON.

VENTILATING SHOW WINDOWS.

No. 595,188. Patented De0.7,1897.

(No Model.) S E MAXON 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

VENTILATING SHOW WINDOWS.

No. 595,188. Patented De0;7, 1897.

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men Srarns STILES E. MAXON, OF PORTLAND, OREGON, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO THOMAS VARVVIG, OF SAME PLACE.

VENTILATING SHOW-WINDOW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 595,188, dated December 7, 1897.

Application filed March 23, 1897. Serial No. 628,911. (No model.)

To (LZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, STILES E. MAXON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Portland, in the county of Multnomah and State of Oregon, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Ventilating Show-Tindows; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to Ventilating showwindows. The object is to prevent the glass of the same from sweating, steaming, or frosting. I accomplish this result by causing a current of cold air of the same temperature as the window-glass and as the outside air to move continuously over the inner surface of the glass, so as to convey away the warm air next to the glass and also to prevent any moist warm air in the building from coming in contact with the glass, while at the same time utilizing the heat of the building to set up an induced draft, which will operate not only to draw air in from the exterior of the building and to the rear portion of the window-casing, but also to exhaust this air which becomes warm by circulating at the rear portion of the window out at the top and through the same duct through which the cold air from the exterior passes to the window at the top thereof.

In carrying my invention into effect I may employ my improvement in oonnection with an ordinary show-window cased up to the transom-bar, and where so cased and where the transom-bar is of sufficient width the top ventilator of the window will be arranged in this transom-bar. The ceiling of the showwindow will have an opening near the front running along parallel with and the full length of the window, except where supports are necessary, this opening to incline toward the glass, so that the air coming in at this point will strike directly against the upper part of the glass. Over this opening and against the inner side of the transom-bar will be placed a curved metal cap or hood secured to the transom-bar and to the ceiling of the show-window, the cap constituting an airduct at this point, and being exposed at its top surface to the warmer air of the storeroom proper it is thereby warmer than the air in the show-window, and so induces a draft from said show-window which will operate to exhaust the air in the same, and thereby establish a constant inflow of fresh air from the out-side, thereby keeping the glass at the front at the same temperature as the outside air, as will be obvious. The transom-bar will have a longitudinal opening or openings arranged below the point of attachment of the cap with the said bar, and supported from this cap will be a curved metal deflecting-plate, placed so as to divide the opening through the transom, the purpose of this plate being to give a free and uninterrupted passage of air in both directions into and out of the window, the cold air passing in below the deflecting-plate and the warmer air from the show-window passing up over the top of the same. At the bottom of the window and below the bulkhead or floor of the same there will be provided an open grating, located, by preference, under the sash, and back of this grating, under the bulkhead or floor, is a space to be closed, so as to form an air box or chamber, with an opening up into the show-window near its front, this opening to incline forward and toward the glass and to be divided by a sheet of metal, subserving the function of an air-dividing plate, by which arrangement the cold air from the top ventilator will pass down and out in front of this plate and the fresh air will pass into the window back of the same. To insure a perfect circulation or outflow of air both at the top and bottom of the window, an air-duct will be run in under the bulkheads or floor of the window, and registers will be placed in the floor at the discharge end of this duct, near the back wall of the show-window. In the ventilating-duct at the top of the window there will be placed a slide or gate to close this space, when necessary, to prevent entrance of dust to the window and also a strip to fit the opening in the floor of the window for a like purpose.

lVhere the glass front of the window does not extend to the top of the ceiling of the store-room, there will be a narrow strip of glass between the top sash-rail of the window and the ceiling sash rail, as is common. here this latter construction is employed,

the ceiling sash-rail or top rail will be made with a large groove, so as to leave a clear space all around the top of the glass for ventilation, the glass being held in place by blocks provided with rubber tips or the like placed at suitable intervals apart to securev the glass in this rail, and a gate with felt or rubber covered edge will be placed in this groove to be closed down over the top of the glass, when desired, to close this ventilator.

Further and more specific details of construction will be hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification and in which like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts, I have illustrated a form of embodiment of my invention, although it is tobe understood that other forms of embodiment thereof may be employed without departing from the spirit of my invention, and in the drawings Figure 1 is a view in sectional elevation displaying a show-window with my form of ventilating device attached thereto; and Fig. 2 is a View in front elevation, partly in section, showing more particularly the manner of supporting the glass in the top sash-rail, and also'a top vent above the ceiling of the show-window.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the boxing of the window; a, the ceiling thereof; a the floor; (6, the upper sash-rail; a, the top transom-bar; a the lower transom-bar; a, the lower sash-rail, and B the'plate-glass, held in any preferred manner between the transom-bars. As these partsin themselves may be of any approved, preferred, or desired construction a detailed description thereof is deemed unnecessary.

At a point adjacent to the upper sash-rail the top transom-bar is provided with a longitudinal opening a ,constituting an air-duct, through which external air passes through an opening a in the ceiling of the window to the exterior thereof. This opening a inclines toward the glass and is covered by a curved metallic cap or hood 0, secured to the sashrail just above the opening a and to theceiling a just back of the opening a the function of this plate being, primarily, to defleet the air entering the opening a down through the opening a the incline of the walls of this latter opening being such as to cause the entering air to impinge against the plate B and travel along against it to the bottom, where it escapes, as will presently appear. If desired, a slide a may be provided, by which the opening a may be closed to exelude either the entrance of air or dust to the interior of the window.

Arranged in the window-foundation, below the lower sash-rail a is an opening, wherein is placed a ventilating-grating a and formed in the foundation and between the floor of the window and the lower sash-rail is a space a, constituting an air-box, into which the air from the outside enters and passes through a channel a inclined toward the window and terminating with the upper surface of the floor, the said channel being slightly constricted at its discharge end or that end opening into the window, so as to cause the air to induce a d raft within the window-space,which will operate to cause all of the air therein to be'kept in a constant state of agitation, so that the entire body will be of substantially a uniform temperature, thereby preventing any tendency to condensation with consequent precipitation of moisture on the plate B. In the channel (L12 is arranged a plate e which in this instance is disposed about midway between the walls of this opening and serves as a dividing-plate to allow the fresh air entering through the grating a to pass toward the rear of the window-casing and the air entering from the top of the window to escape out of the grating, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1. Opening into this chamber and arranged in the bulkhead a is a flue D, the upper end of which opens into the floor of the window, near the back wall thereof, a grating or register cl being provided for the purpose of closing the ventilator when desired, the same being operated in this instance by means of a rod 01 extending out through the back wall of the window.

It will be noted by reference to Fig. 1 that there is a considerable space above the ceiling of the show-window and the ceiling of the room in which it is placed and that the cap or hood C is located in this space. It will be readily apparent that this cap being near the top of the ceiling of the room it will be subjected to and absorb suflieient heat to warm the air contained in the window that comes in contact with it and will cause the same to escape, thereby establishing a suction which will operate to draw air through the opening a and introduce it into the window. In order to accelerate and assist in this double action in the chamber formed by the cap 0 in the top of the ceiling of the window, a curved deflecting-plate e is employed, which is secured to the cap 0 and serves to divide the rear portion of the opening into two spaces of about equal size. As the air which is heated by the hood 0 will inevitably pass between the inner wall of this hood and the upper wall of the deflecting-plate a it follows that the cold air from the exterior will pass in between the under face of this deflecting-plate and the ceiling, and by this means an induced draft, as before referred to, will be established.

Where the upper sash-rail a does not extend to the top of the ceiling of the room, as shown in Fig. 1, there will be a supplemental pane E, as is common, the upper edge of this latter pane being housed in a groove formed in a sash-rail F, secured to the ceiling or to the front of the window-casing. This groove is considerably larger than the thickness of the glass, and the latter is held in place there in by means of blocks f, provided with rubber-surfaced faces for bearing against the pane, these blocks being so spaced as to leave ample room for fresh air to enter between them, to pass over the top of the pane, and into the room. As will be noted, the pane E does not extend to the top of the groove, in order that space for circulation of air will be provided, and to close this groove, when desired, a gate f will be provided, the upper edge of which is hinged within the groove, and its lower end provided with a felt edge or the like, so that when drawn down against the top of the pane E the entrance of dust and air will be effectually prevented.

By the arrrangement described I not only provide for a constant intake of cold air adjacent to the window-pane E, but I also by means of the flue D provide for the entrance of cold air to the rear portion of the windowcasing, so that any tendency to condensation on the part of the warm air in the rear portion of the casing, which will of course be heated more or less from the store, will be entirely obviated, as by the entrance of air through the flue D a constant circulation is kept up, operating to drive the slightly warmed air toward the front of the windowcasing, where it will escape through the opening a to the external air, while at the same time the air passing down in contact with the window-pane will pass out through the channel e and into the external air.

Having thus described my invention,what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. In a window-ventilator, a transom-bar provided with an opening, a ceiling provided with an opening, a cap or hood secured to the transonrbar and to the ceiling on the upper portion thereof and above the said openings, a deflecting-plate arranged below the cap or hood and in line with the opening through the transom-bar, and means for closing the opening in the ceiling, substantially as described.

2. In a window-ventilator, the combination with the lower sash-rail and with the bulkhead of the window, of an air-space formed between the same and terminating in a constricted channel opening into the windowcasing, a grating, an air-dividing plate arranged in the channel, and a flue opening from the air-space into the window-casing near the rear wall thereof, and provided with means for opening and closing the same.

In a window-ventilator, a transom-bar provided with an opening, a ceiling provided with an opening, a cap or hood secured to the transom-bar and to the ceiling on the upper portion of the latter and above the said openings, an air-space formed between the lower sash-rail and the bulkhead of the window, and terminating in a channel opening into the window-casing, a grating, an air-dividing plate arranged in the channel,and a flue openin g from the air-space into the window-casing near the rear wall thereof, and provided with means for opening and closing the same, substantially as described.

4:. In a window-ventilator, a transom-bar provided with an opening, a ceiling provided with an opening, a cap or hood secured to the transom-bar and to the ceiling on the upper portion of the latter and above the said openings, a deflectingplate arranged below the cap or hood, an air-space formed between the lower sash-rail and the bulkhead of the window and terminating in a channel opening into the window-casing, a grating, an air-dividin g plate arranged in the channel, and a fine opening from the airspace into the window-casing near the rear Wall thereof, and provided with means for opening and closing the same, substantially as described.

In a window-ventilator, a transom-bar provided with an opening, a ceiling provided with an opening, a cap or hood secured to the transom-bar and to the ceiling on the upper portion of the latter and above the said openings, a deflecting-plate arranged below the cap or hood, an air-space formed between the lower sash-rail and the bulkhead of the Window and terminating in a channel having its discharge end constricted and opening into the window-casing, agrating, an air-dividing plate arranged in the channel, and a fiue opening from the air-space into the windowcasing near the rear wall thereof, and provided with means for opening and closing the same, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

STILES E. MAXON.

\Vitnesses:

L. GERLINGER, A. R. MENDENHALL. 

